Plastic - not the problem but part of the solution
Plastic is not waste, but an important resource. How it can be recycled better is explained in an interview by Christof Spies, CEO, and Marie Hühne, Sustainability Manager at SPIES Packaging.
Mr. Spies, as the owner of a company with over 50 years of experience in the field of packaging, you know that it is more than just a container. What are the main tasks of packaging?
Christof Spies: Packaging, especially food packaging, is an all-rounder. They protect food so that it keeps fresh throughout the entire value chain, from the producer to the retailer to the consumer. They provide hygiene and safety - two factors that are particularly important in the current corona crisis. During the crisis, foods with a long shelf life were in particular need. Packaging plays a significant role in ensuring the supply and stocking of foodstuffs. That's why our industry is systemically relevant!
Ms. Hühne, as sustainability manager, you draw attention to the fact that food packaging can help to save CO2. How does that work?
Marie Hühne: Unfortunately, a lot of food is still seemingly produced for the garbage can. One third of all food produced worldwide spoils and is not eaten. The CO2 emissions that result from the production of this food are almost equivalent to those of global car traffic. Packaging helps to reduce this waste. Their CO2 footprint is also usually only a fraction of the product being packaged. A good example of this is the cucumber: it has to be imported from southern Europe in the fall and winter months and is shrink-wrapped to preserve it over the long transport distances. Customers wonder about the seemingly unnecessary film, but the fact is: cucumbers that are not packaged age faster and are not bought by customers end up in the garbage can. Packaging therefore helps to prevent a waste of resources.
Plastic is one of the most commonly used packaging materials. Why is this packaging material so popular?
Spies: Plastic is a very versatile material that can be used universally. It offers a high level of hygiene and safety, as it is absolutely germ-free. It is lightweight, resistant to moisture, easy to shape, and yet very stable and break-resistant. In addition, plastic is relatively inexpensive and available in large quantities.
Nevertheless, the image of plastic in society is rather negative. What is the reason for this?
Spies: Unfortunately, society has a very one-sided and false image of plastic packaging. Many people are not even aware of the important properties of plastic packaging. At the same time, images of plastic waste polluting the oceans have become entrenched in many people's minds. However, it is not the material that is to blame for the polluted oceans, but the behavior of society, which simply disposes of plastic in the environment - this should always be kept in mind. What we need, therefore, is a responsible approach to packaging. This means also considering plastic packaging after use not as waste, but as a raw material. The circular economy is the key to this. To achieve the EU's ambitious CO2 targets, plastics are not the problem, but an important part of the solution.
How can we succeed in using more sustainable, circular plastic packaging?
Spies: For wider use of recycled materials, we need recyclates with high purity that are also readily available. That means the industry as a whole should use fewer different types of plastic and avoid composite materials that combine different types of plastic in one package. This would make plastics more sortable and allow them to be more effectively reprocessed and reused in large quantities as a raw material in new packaging. The packaging we produce already has all these properties. We use single-material packaging made from monomaterials that can be 100 percent recycled.
One of the innovations developed by Spies is the S-shaped cup made of monomaterial. What is so special about it?
Spies: Conventional round cups with curved or sinuous contours are difficult to print or label. So-called shrink films are therefore used to decorate the cups. The problem, however, is that these shrink films are made of a different material than the basic cup - which affects the recyclability of the packaging. To solve this problem, we have developed an innovative technology that allows the use of IML labels, a widely used decoration technique, even for difficult contours. The result is packaging made of mono-material that can be fully recycled.
SPIES Packaging is a member of the joint project "Digital Watermarks Initiative HolyGrail 2.0". What is that all about?
Hühne: The initiative is a collaborative development project that more than 85 companies from the entire value chain have already joined to develop solutions for better sorting of plastic waste. As part of this project, digital watermarks are now being applied to packaging. The cameras in the recyclers' sorting facilities can read them and recognize which type of plastic it is, but also whether the packaging was used in the food sector. SPIES was involved in this initiative at an early stage as one of the first plastics processors. We have produced prototypes for testing in the pilot plant. The results so far are promising, so further tests on a larger, industrial scale are in the planning stage.
The use of well-recyclable materials is an important step on the road to greater sustainability. How does SPIES also contribute to reducing the CO2 footprint?
Hühne: Ecodesign plays an important role at SPIES: we adapt the packaging design to the individual application and only pack what is necessary, using as little material as possible. Our state-of-the-art machinery with a certified energy management system also enables energy-efficient and resource-saving production. In addition, photovoltaic systems on our hall roofs generate enough green electricity to save an additional 1,500 tons of CO2 annually.